Women in Latina America During 1950s free essay sample

From their Native American ancestors, they inherited the belief that women are wise and powerful offering their unique and valuable contributions to society. However, at the same time they were expected to follow the Spanish tradition of feminine submission to the strong male. Their strengths were both honored and respected- and denied and unaccepted. Latin American women had to fulfill certain roles. They were supposed to be a caring mother, diligent homemaker and obedient wife. Moreover, women were expected stay at home, bear children, and maintain the house. They were expected to clean and cook to make sure everything was sufficient when their husband came home from work. We can see this in Chronicle of a Death Foretold when Mercedes ,(the narrator’s wife) says that â€Å"the girls had been reared to screen embroidery, sew by machine, weave bone lace, wash and iron, make artificial flowers and fancy candy, and write engagement announcements (Marquez 31). We will write a custom essay sample on Women in Latina America During 1950s or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Women also needed to take responsibilities when it came to their children such as educating them. They were not allowed to participate in the work force as their husbands did. Machismo played significant role in the Latin American society. It was brought to Latin American by Spanish conquerors. It is considered a strong or exaggerated sense of manliness; and assumptive attitude that virility, courage, strength and entitlement to dominate are attributes of masculinity. Machismo was also portrayed in the novel The Chronicle of a Death Foretold such as when â€Å"Pedro Vicario asked to borrow her husband’s shaving implements, and she brought him the brush, the soap, the hanging mirror, and the safety razor with a new blade, but he shaved with his butcher knife. Clotilde Armenta thought that was the height of machismo† (Marquez 63). Clotilde thought that shaving with a razor was manly representing machismo. This ritual is known to be performed by many men throughout history and because it is one of the few activities that is completely and exclusively male. Machismo is also portrayed in the novel when the men take pride in visiting Maria Clotilde’s brothel, where they use women for sex. They are not ashamed of their actions because their society endorses it. Additionally, machismo can be seen when the Vicario brothers kill Santiago because it was an attempt to take back Angela’s honor by killing the man who deflowered her. Marriage was very important in the Latin culture. Women were expected to be virgins when they got married. Virginity was considered very sacred because it was supposed to be saved for the man you truly love (your husband). â€Å"On the other hand, the fact that Angela Vicario dared put on the veil and the orange blossoms without being a virgin would be interpreted afterwards as a profanation of the symbols of purity† (Marquez 41). Angela represents that being a virgin was very disgraceful; hence the fact that she was returned to her parents after her husband found out that she was deflowered. Divorce was also looked down upon because the woman and man should have taken the time to know each other well before they got married. Women were granted freedom after the feminist movement where women took on jobs outside the home to help support their families. Feminists demanded equality for women; they insisted that women were as capable as men; and they tried to raise the consciousness of men and women. The movement grew and spread through the sixties and into the seventies. Latin American women today are no longer powerless. They are taking charge working, while being able to take on children and all the responsibilities of home life. A great example of a strong woman would be Gwen Estefan who went from being a Cuban refugee to having a $170 million fortune. Her concerts are contemporary and professional but still demonstrate Hispanic family values. Additionally, many families today depend on the income of both the husband and wife in order to make ends meet. â€Å"Women leave their homes for many different kinds of jobs and they experience more freedom and financial independence† (Sanna 72). Today a macho man is one who supports his family against all odds, and who disciplines his children to be honest and hard-working. It is a key factor in shaping a healthy family, and it’s a source of discipline that teaches children courtesy and high moral standards. The Latino interpretation of a macho man is one who is fervent, confident, energetic, physically strong, assertive, determined and passionate. In conclusion, Latina women are just as powerful and capable of doing the things that their husbands do; however in the 1950’s it was very different. They were expected to stay at home, bear children, and maintain the house. But as we see the evolution of society, it is proven that women and men have equal rights.

The rise of the qin dynasty Essays

The rise of the qin dynasty Essays The rise of the qin dynasty Essay The rise of the qin dynasty Essay The role/importance of Qin Shi Huang in early China Today China is a great industrial power, its rapid economic growth over the past few decades have been very remarkable. Almost everything is made in China, almost every United States citizen can be seen with at least one consumer item from the country. But this country was not always this great economic power. Long before China became the great power it is today, long before it was even a country, China was secluded from the outside world. Chinese history primarily focused on inner China because the surrounding area contained a very hostile environment. This independence thrust on the Chinese from its seclusion serves to explain how the Chinese developed a unique and independent civilization. Even within China, the country was never a unified state in ancient times. Rather, it was divided into dozens of independent Chinese states. However, after centuries of fghting, seven major kingdoms emerged, the most important being the kingdom of Qin. It was within this kingdom that Wang Ying Chen unified China after years of ruthless fighting. Under this king, China was, for the first time ever, unified under one ruler. When Wang came into power, his title as king was not good enough, so he renamed himself Shih Huang D, which means first emperor. Through his reign, he made China a greater power economically, politically and socially. Before his rule, China was not politically stable, so to avoid political chaos, conquered states could not be referred to as independent nations. Shih Huang Di then divided his empire into thirty six commanderies. These administrative units served well for China, for they made China more organized. And what made this system so unique was that it was different from what previous dynasties had done. Previous dynasties had used loose alliances and federations, which did not do the country well. Moreover, government appointments were no longer based on nepotism but rather on merit. This eliminated any corrupt activity within the government that would Jeopardize the country in any way. The first emperor of China was also responsible for unifying China economically. He standardized units of measurements for weight and measures. Moreover, he standardized the currency. And more importantly, he helped establish an extensive network of roads and canals that facilitated trade and contributed to the economic ell-being of the country. But most of all, under his rule, the Chinese script was unified. This made the communication system of China completely unified. These accomplishments were important in establishing China as a better country. China would not be the same if it were not for Qin Shih Huang. The influence he had over Chinese culture can not be doubted. Outline l. Intro a. China wasnt always as great as it was today b. Ancient times: not unified c. First emperor II. Political influence a. Standardized currency b. Network of roads c. Effect IV. Social influence a. Communication system V. Conclusion

Comparison of U.S. & Other Health System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Comparison of U.S. & Other Health System - Essay Example However higher costs does not mean better quality of life, health statistics in Spain show higher life expectancies (82.2 years), lower mortality rates (10.9/1000), and overall lower incidences of population major diseases (diabetes:9.0%, cardiovascular diseases: 23.15%, obesity: 23.95%) compared to US [life expectancies (78.6 years) mortality rates (13.9/1000), major diseases (diabetes:10.85%, cardiovascular diseases: 15.6%, obesity: 31.7% ) (National Center for Health Statistics, 2013; World Health Organization, WHO, 2012). Differences come from lifestyle habits, the Spanish have an active lifestyle and Mediterranean diet, and the US a sedentary lifestyle coupled with unbalanced diet (Borkan, et al., 2010; The Department for Professional Employees, DPE, 2013; National Center for Health Statistics, 2013; WHO, 2012). Health Care Financing: Comparison between US and Spain The US has hybrid healthcare financing: government medical subsidy is combined with private or group insurance for payments: private funding ( insurance or individual’s out-of-pocket payments) amount up to 50% of the total health care spending, with the rest from federal (38%) and local or state funds (12%) (DPE, 2013). For Spain, after healthcare reform financing is also shared, but the government pays up to 74% of the expenses, the rest is paid by individuals or employers (Legido-Quigley, et al., 2013). Spanish healthcare relies more heavily on taxes than US healthcare, contributing to lower healthcare costs per person compared with the latter (WHO, 2012). Health Care Administration: Comparison between US and Spain The US principal agency in healthcare provision is the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), which works with other agencies (e.g. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, etc.) to improve the population’s health through research and development, establishment of quality standards, among others (National Center f or Health Statistics, 2013). In Spain the Spanish National Institute of Health (Instituto Nacional de Salud, INSALUD) similarly functions as the HHS in providing the public with quality health services, however unlike HHS it is decentralized and delegates power over regional health communities (Borkan, et al., 2010). Health Care Personnel and Facilities: Comparison between US and Spain Only around one-fifths of the healthcare facilities in the US are government-owned and the rest are private institutions, accounting for high healthcare costs per individual (DPE, 2013). A low physician-to-patient ratio of 24 physicians per 10,000 people promotes high healthcare costs but less quality services (Holtz, 2008; National Center for Health Statistics, 2013). In Spain, healthcare facilities are mostly government-owned and subsidized, and physicians and nurses are salaried, which reduce additional costs per individual (Borkan, et al., 2010). Also, services are better due to a higher physician -to-patient ratio, 39 per 10,000 persons (WHO, 2012). Access and Inequality Issues: Comparison between US and Spain US ranks first in terms of health care responsiveness due to its state-of-the-art health care delivery system, which contributes to an increase in preventable deaths (Holtz, 2008; WHO, 2012). Spain’

The Trusted Traveler Program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Trusted Traveler Program - Essay Example The â€Å"Trusted Traveler" program in essence was made to facilitate the frequent flyers that could include all the business entrepreneurs, government officials and employees as well as other selected individuals who could get their easy way off as regards to airport security checks. The Trusted Traveler program is undoubtedly a good idea when we literally think about it in the first go, but it is also a source of problems on the part of the security people who are present at the airports and are responsible for everything as they are at the helm of affairs when we talk about security and its long checks. This program can have its disadvantages if say for instance a terrorist gets hold of a Trusted Traveler card, would he or she still be unstoppable. The same goes true if he or she is carrying some explosives or weapons on board, would the person be allowed to board the flight? There are serious questions that can be posed with respect to the Trusted Traveler program. The â€Å"Trusted Traveler† program is in the process of being studied thoroughly by the American Senate and would soon, hopefully is put into practice so that American flyers could get extra privileges when they think of security and ease of actions at the airport and within the flights. The reason why this program has not been approved as yet owes to the fact that there are a number of glitches and loopholes through which terrorists and criminals can run off scotch free, thus delaying the whole process. Once these problems are addressed in the broader context of the airline security and with meticulous attention paid to the ease of the passengers, this program would pretty surely be in place for one and all to enjoy and witness at the airports, in the coming times. As regards to passenger authentication, it usually entails the corroboration of passenger ID, which includes from his beginning as a passenger is transited through the airport and

The Fiscal and Monetary Policy and Economic Fluctuations Essay

The Fiscal and Monetary Policy and Economic Fluctuations - Essay Example It is estimated to be a fifth of the universal total. The country also has a mixed economy and has sustained a steady Gross Domestic Product rate of growth, high levels of research and capital investment, and moderate rate of unemployment. The current economic situation in America is evidently different from the economic situation five years ago. The present Federal Reserve interest rate is between 0 and 0.25% and the Federal Reserve aims to maintain it until 2015. The Federal Reserve decreased the interest rate by half point in December, 2008. Also, the rate of inflation in the United States as of October 2012 was 2.16%. The current rate of inflation is 2.1% in comparison to the 3.8% rate of inflation recorded in 2008. The American inflation estimate constitutes transportation, apparel, recreation, education and communication, medical care, energy, housing, and food and beverages. Finally, the rate of unemployment as of March 2013 was 7.6%. This is equivalent to 11.7 million individ uals. On the other hand, the administration’s larger U-6 rate of unemployment, which incorporates those who are unemployed, was 13.9%. In contrast, the unemployment rate in America five years ago was 4.6% (Wallison, 2013). Question 2 The changes in interest rates, rates of inflation, and rates of unemployment can be attributed to several reasons. The changes in interest rates have been largely influenced by the activities of the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reverse has had an impact on the interest rates through altering the rate at which it loans out fund to financial institutions, altering reserve requirements of financial institutions, and by influencing the supply of funds through open market activities. Also, the Federal Reverse’s Board of Governors have largely contributed to the changes in interest rates by making decisions on changes in discount rates after receiving recommendations from one or more regional Federal Reverse Banks. The changes in rates of inflat ion have been facilitated by the activities of policymakers. The rate of inflation has changed because the law makers have assessed a wide range of fundamental inflation measures to assist in recognizing inflation tendencies. The most conventional forms of inflation measures leaves out commodities that tend to fluctuate in worth often or dramatically, for example, energy and food items. The rate of inflation has decreased because law makers have attempted to steady general consumer costs (LeRoy, 2011). Finally, the rate of unemployment has also changed due to a number of factors, one of them being employment by educational attainment. University educated individuals with a degree or higher educational qualification make up the most significant employment rate with approximately 44,648,000 of them having full time employment. In addition, this group makes up the least rate of unemployment of 4.6%. The highest numbers of unemployment are made up of people who do not have high school d iplomas. These people are followed by high school graduates who do not possess college degrees. Also, people with less than a diploma constitute the least number of people who are employed, at more than 10 million. Question 3 The strategies include encouraging entrepreneurship and small businesses and lowering taxes. Small businesses in America are the base of the United States economy providing employment to a large number of people. Encouraging business startups will encourage

Subcontractors

Subcontractors 1.0 Introduction Wikipedia (2009) defined subcontractor as â€Å"an individual or in many cases a business that signs a contract to perform part or all of the obligations of another’s contract†. Other authors, Gerald N. Hill Kathleen T. Hill (2005) defined subcontractor as â€Å"a person or business which has a contract with a contractor to provide some portion of the work or services on a project which the contractor has agreed to perform†. Generally, a subcontractor performs his work under a contract with a main contractor who is hired by the employer. In building construction, a main contractor usually hires a subcontractor to perform a specific task such as roofing, plumbing, electrical, cement work and plastering, as part of the overall project. Hence, if the main contractor does not pay for the subcontractor, then the subcontractor has the right to enforce a â€Å"mechanic’s lien† on the real property upon which the work was done to collect. There are three types of subcontractor that is: Nominated subcontractor (Specialist subcontractor) Domestic subcontractor Named subcontractor Nominated subcontractor is essentially selected or appointed by the employer for some specific works. If the employer wants to nominate a subcontractor for an element of work, then he will instruct the main contractor to use the nominated subcontractor through the architect. The element of work usually is the engineering package such as piling, structural frame or some ME services works. In this kind of subcontract, there is a direct contractual relationship between the employer and the subcontractor. On the other hand, domestic subcontractor is selected and appointed by the main contractor who is hired by the employer. The domestic subcontractor doesn’t have the direct contractual relationship with the employer but he contract with the main contractor. Domestic subcontractors usually execute the part of work from the main contract and supply or fix the materials and goods. The employer will not involve in the election of this kind of subcontractor and the main contractor take the responsibility of the subcontractor. The Named subcontractor is contractually same as the domestic subcontractor. However, the different between them is the employer states that which contractor is acceptable without take responsibility for their final selection and appointment. Chapter 2: Forms of Contract 2.0 Forms of Contract 2.1 Review the method of appointing specialist subcontractor JCT 98 The JCT 1998 is the pre JCT Form which was used when selecting and choosing the subcontractor. There are two types of subcontractor in this form of Building Contract which are Nominated subcontractor and Domestic subcontractor. In the JCT Form, except the Employer, the Architect has the highest authority in making decision. Nominated subcontractor is essentially appointed by the Architect or the Employer when they need the subcontractor in some specific works. Daniel Atkinson (1999) defined nomination as â€Å"sub-letting sections of the work allowing the Employer full involvement in choosing the company early and using the subcontractor’s expertise for design or coordination†. There are some reasons that the Employer nominated a subcontractor (Daniel Atkinson, 1999): The Employer can select any company that he likes to be his subcontractor without based on the price. The subcontractor’s design expertise and his knowledge can be utilized due to he can be involved early. Since the specialist subcontractor involves, the Contractor will not waste his time on some particular work which the Contractor does not expert in it. The Employer can understand his responsibilities clearly since the clear contractual liability is established. Delay in time can be prevented by the direct links and involvements are established. According to the Jennie Price (1994), the procedure of nominating a subcontractor under the Standard Form of JCT 1998, Clause 35.4: The Architect sends the both of invitation to tender in part 1 of the standard form of tender, NSC/T, and the relevant section of the employer/ nominated subcontractor agreement, NSC/W, together with the drawings/specification/bill of quantities which describe the work, to those companies the employer wishes to invite to tender. Then the tenderers complete the standard form of tender (part 2 of NSC/T) and the relevant sections of the warranty, NSC/W, and return both documents to the Architect. The Architect chooses the subcontractor, and arranges for the Employer to sign the selected subcontractor’s tender to confirm his approval of it, and to execute the warranty, NSC/W. The Architect nominates the subcontractor to the main contractor using the standard nomination instruction, NSC/N. He also sends the main contractor a copy of the invitation to tender and the successful subcontractor’s tender, the drawings/specification/bills of quantities on which the tender was based, and the executed warranty. After received those documents, the main contractor has the right of reasonable objection to the selected tenderer within 7 days. If he does not object, he must reach agreement with the selected tenderer on the ‘Particular Conditions’ set out in Part 3 of NSC/T. These include the subcontract period, insurance details and the identity of the adjudicator and trustee stakeholder. When agreement on the Particular Conditions has been reached, the main contractor and subcontractor sign Part 3 of NSC/T, and execute the subcontract articles of agreement, NSC/A, which incorporate by reference the subcontract conditions NSC/C. The main contractor sends a copy of the signed NSC/T Part 3 and the executed NSC/A to the Architect for his records. 2.2 Review the method of appointing specialist subcontractor JCT 05 JCT 2005 Form of Building Contract (with quantities) has been updated, amended, merged and retired most of its important contracts. This form was set out in clear, understandable, and well-ordered for the user and it had simplified on wording such as change the word â€Å"Determination† to â€Å"Termination†. There is a little deviation between JCT 1998 and JCT 2005 regarding to the subcontracting. In this form of Building Contract, the nomination of subcontractor has been omitted. According to the Chappell D. (2007), there are a lot of problems arise between the main and subcontractor since a project is not ready for the subcontractor to start his work on the anticipated date. Due to the delay of the commence work, the subcontractor may argue and claims for more money. On the other hand, Ndekugri I. and Rycroft M. (2009) stated that JCT 1998 had extensive provisions on nominated subcontracting but due to the bad experience from the inherent pitfall of nomination of subcontracting and its complexity, the provision has been omitted in JCT 2005. There are three principles of appointing a subcontractor under the JCT 2005 Form of Building Contract: Consent to sub-contracting (Clause 3.7) According to this clause, main contractor cannot appoint or subcontract whole or any part of works to anybody without the Architect’s or the Contract Administrator’s consent. However, the Architect also cannot withhold or delay his consent unreasonably. If the Contractor insists to sub-letting his works to anyone without consent, then the employer entitles to terminate the Contractor’s contract under clause 8.4.1.4. Besides that, under the clause 3.7.2, the contractor cannot subcontract the design portion to anyone without the Employer’s consent. Lists in Contract Bills (Clause 3.8) Under this clause, annexations of lists of subcontractor to work packages which are defined in the Contract Bills are required. Clause 3.8.2 has stated that the list of subcontractor must not less than three persons. Then the Architect has to choose among the three persons to be the subcontractor. It is similar as pervious clause that the Architect cannot withhold or delay his consent unreasonably. If the Contractor submitted the list which less than three persons, then either: The Employer and the Contractor shall by agreement add the names of other persons to make sure the list comprises not less than three persons; or The Contractor carries out the works by himself. Conditions of sub-contracting (Clause 3.9) The subcontract shall state the condition that upon the termination of the Contractor with any reason, then the employment of the subcontractor will be automatically terminated too under the Clause 3.9.1. Besides that, the subcontract shall provide that subcontractor cannot remove the site materials which have been delivered to the works without the Contractor’s written consent except for use on the works. If the materials or goods have been paid by the Contractor, then they will become the Employer’s property and the subcontractor cannot deny it. On the other hand, if the Contractor has paid the subcontractor for any site materials before their value is included in the Interim Certificate, then the materials will become the Contractor’s property. Under the Clause 3.9.4, if the Contractor fails to make the payment to the subcontractor, then the Contractor shall pay simple interest to the subcontractor until the payment is made. Then according to the Clause 3.9.5, the Contractor could get the warranty from the subcontractor for his execution of works within 14 days of receipt of a written request by the Contractor. If the subcontract comply the three principles above, then the Architect could select and choose among the three persons in the list to be the domestic subcontractor. 2.3 Review the method of appointing specialist subcontractor NEC 3 ECC 05 The NEC 3 ECC 2005 is essentially used by Government for public works such as road, bridge etc. In JCT Form, the Architect has the highest authority while the Project Manager has the highest authority in this NEC 3. He plays an important role in this Form of Building Contract especially in subcontracting. The Project Manager is the person who approves the appointment of the subcontractor by the Contractor. In other words, the Project Manager dominates in the selection of subcontractor. Under the Clause 26.1, the Contractor still takes the responsibility to the works even though he had subcontracted the works to the Domestic subcontractor. Therefore, the Contractor must select the subcontractor carefully in case of the omission of the subcontractor. However under the Clause 26.2, the subcontractor who has been proposed by the Contractor must be accepted by the Project Manager. If the Project Manager does not accept the subcontractor, then the Contractor cannot appoint such subcontractor. Under the Clause 26.3, the Contractor has to submit the proposed conditions of contract for every subcontract to the Project Manager for his acceptance and approval unless an NEC Contract is proposed. Besides that, if the Project Manager agreed that no submission is required then the Contractor is not need to submit it. This clause also stated that the reasons that the Project Manager does not accept the subcontractor who is proposed by the Contractor are: The subcontractor will not allow the Contractor to provide the works. The subcontractor does not include a statement that the parties to the subcontract shall act in a spirit of mutual trust and cooperation. Chapter 3: Reasons of why Nomination has been stopped 3.0 Reasons of why Nomination has been stopped In the opinion of Jennie Price (1999), the disadvantages toward the main contractor are some of the reasons that the nomination has been stopped. The Main Contractor will lose his right to choose his favorite subcontractor to carry out the part of works. He would hard to communicate with the subcontractor who is nominated by the Employer thus cannot cooperate well. Since the Main Contractor is forced to employ the subcontractor so he is unable to impose his own terms and conditions which are more commercially advantageous to him. Other than that, the Nominated Contractor is normally difficult to be managed and controlled since their direct link with the professional team and the Employer. They will not easily listen to the Main Contractor on the design works due to the works are their expertise. Since some of employer will repeat the business with the nominated subcontractor, then the said nominated subcontractor will monopoly in this industry. Other subcontractors will not have chance to receive the job and make them suffer in their incomes. On the other hand, quality of the works might be dropped due to some nominated subcontractors handle few projects in the same period. They cannot concentrate on a single project and make the quality of every works will be dropped. 3.1 Advantages and Disadvantages toward the Employer Jennie Price (1999) agreed that Nomination provides some advantages and disadvantages toward the Employer which are shown as below: Advantages to the Employer: The Employer is able to select the person whom he wishes to carry out the subcontract works. Through the warranty NSC/W, the Employer has the direct contractual link with the subcontractor. It can covers matters such as design or materials selection by the subcontractor. Disadvantages to the Employer: The Employer has to take the risks and bear the responsibilities on the Nominated subcontractor due to his omission of works. If any defaults have been found, then the Employer should bear the extra costs. There are no rights against the main contractor in the event of defective design by the Nominated subcontractor. The Main Contractor entitles to claim Extension of Time if the progress of the main contract works is delayed by the Nominated subcontractor. Besides that, he could also claim for the Loss and Expenses due to the delay of works which is caused by the subcontractor. Since the Main Contractor does not take any responsibility on the Nominated subcontractor, there may be lack of management of the progress of the works on site of the subcontractor. 3.2 Opinion for the new appointment procedure of subcontractor In my opinion, the new specialist subcontractor/supplier appointment procedures are more complex to render the duties of the Architect / Project Manager / Quantity Surveyor. This is because the design teams have not direct contact with the subcontractor. All the instructions which are given by the design teams are passed through the Main Contractor. That might be appeared some mistake in the communication. By the way, the design team also cannot directly manage the subcontractor since the subcontractor only contract with the Main contractor. Chapter 4: Conclusion 4.0 Conclusion After the research, we will know that the procedure of nomination in JCT Form 98 and the reasons for nomination under this Form. Then we know that no more nomination under JCT Form 05. We also get the three methods that appoint a specialist subcontractor in JCT Form 05. NEC 3 ECC 2005 is only for the government works and the Project Manager has the highest authority in this Form. As a conclusion, nomination provides some disadvantages to the Main contractor such as difficult to cooperate between them and the main contractor cannot impose his own terms and conditions to the subcontract. Besides that, the main contractor is usually hard to manage the nominated subcontractor because he has the direct link with the professional design team. Other than that, nomination will make the monopolies arise in the construction industry due to the repeat business between the nominated subcontractor and the Employer. Quality of the works is low since the subcontractor cannot concentrate on single project. The Employer needs to bear the risks and take the responsibilities on the nominated subcontractor. Hence, nomination has been stopped. Finally, in my opinion, there are a lot of benefits that nomination has been stopped since there were a lot of disadvantages. Chapter 5: References Atkinson D. (2009), Sub-Contracting. [Online]. Last accessed on 24th July 2009 available at http://www.atkinsonlaw.com/cases/CasesArticles/Articles/SubContracting.htm CHAPPELL, David (2007). Understanding JCT Standard Building Contracts Eight Edition, Abingdon, Taylor Francis. Gerald N. Hill Kathleen T. Hill (2005), Subcontractor [Online]. Last accessed on 24th July 2009 available at http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Subcontractor NDEKUGRI I. and RYCROFT M. (2009). The JCT 05 Standard Building Contract Law and Administration Second Edition, Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann. PRICE, Jennie (1999). Sub-contracting under the JCT Standard Forms of Building Contract, London, Macmillan Press LTD Wikipedia (2009), Types of Subcontractor [Online]. Last accessed on 24th July 2009 available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subcontractor#Types_of_subcontractor Bibliography Barnes P. and Davies M (2008). Sub-contracting under The JCT 2005 Forms First Edition, Oxford, Blackwell. GERRARD, Robert (2005). NEC2 and NEC3 Compared. Great Britain, Bell Bain. ME Contractor Magazine (2005), what sort of subbie are you. [Online]. Available at http://www.eca.co.uk/IndustryGuidance/CCandL/Download/WhatSortOfSubbieRU.pdf

Federico Lorcas The House of Bernarda Alba and Isabel Allendes The Ho

Federico Lorca's The House of Bernarda Alba and Isabel Allende's The House of the Spirits Society, and its influences upon the characters, plays a pivotal role in the development of the story in Federico Lorca's "The House of Bernarda Alba" and Isabel Allende's "The House of the Spirits." Though the characters in each literary work were influenced by a range of societal pressures, three major influences dominate both works. The Church, male dominance over women, and socio-economic status (in other words, one's social class) are all sources of the greatest societal pressures upon the characters. In order to understand why these societal pressures had such a great influence upon the characters, it is important to understand the setting of each story. "The House of Bernarda Alba" is set in a small village in rural Spain at about the same time as the play was written, which was just before the Spanish Civil War. In rural Spain, like many rural areas across Europe, traditional values and social systems were prevalent among the small villages. As a result, these rural areas, like much of European society at the time, were largely backwards in their social structure with class divisions still existent and society dominated by males. Also, as is quite apparent in the play, religion in the form of the Catholic Church had a huge influence over the lives of the people. "The House of Bernarda Alba" portrays the lives of five sisters living in a village in rural Spain who have been heavily repressed by the society that they live in. They live in a restricting and unforgiving society where men exercise great control over women, the Church wields such an influence that it can ostracize individuals that do not confo... ... pressures have upon a society. --------------------------------------------------------------------- [i] Lorca, Federico. The House of Bernarda Alba. Page 47. [ii] Lorca, Federico. The House of Bernarda Alba. Page 48. [iii] Allende, Isabel. The House of The Spirits. Page 3. [iv] Lorca, Federico. The House of Bernarda Alba. Page 37. [v] Lorca, Federico. The House of Bernarda Alba. Page 22. [vi] Lorca, Federico. The House of Bernarda Alba. Page 21. [vii] Lorca, Federico. The House of Bernarda Alba. Page 43. [viii] Allende, Isabel. The House of The Spirits. Page 146-147. [ix] Lorca, Federico. The House of Bernarda Alba. Page 5. Bibliography: Allende, Isabel. The House of The Spirits. Bantam Books: New York, 1993. Lorca, Federico Garcia. The House of Bernarda Alba. Nick hern Books Limited: London, 1999.

Thou Blind Mans Mark

Life leads us to excessive wishes that often result in a man’s downfall. Sir Philip Sidney in the passionate â€Å"Thou Blind Man’s Mark† portrays his hypocrisy towards desire and shows how it influenced to their downfall and destruction. In his sonnet, Sidney uses metaphor, alliteration, repetition and personification to convey his feelings for desire. Throughout â€Å"Thou Blind Man’s Mark† Sidney uses metaphors that clearly illustrates the effects of desire on one’s life. He begins with the metaphor of desire as a â€Å"blind man’s markâ€Å", the title of the poem, that shows desire is aimless.He then goes on to call desire â€Å"fools chosen snare† illustrating that desire is an act of foolishness, moreover he adds weight to his accusations by comparing desire to the â€Å"web of will† a difficulty brought by men upon themselves.. The use of these metaphors allows the reader to understand his views that to desire c ould be counted as the biggest mistake of a person’s life. Sidney continues to convey his dislike of desire with the use of alliteration. He uses alliteration to parallel desire and increases the reader’s interest in the poem.The repetition of specific words emphasizes his negative thoughts on desire. For example he says â€Å"cradle of causeless care†. This focuses on the idea that desire can cause one to care about someone for no real reason. He uses this technique again when he says, â€Å"with price of mangled mind†, a similar idea that while trying to accomplish a foolish task he yet didn’t achieve anything but still lost his sanity. Other example includes â€Å"fond fancy’s scum† where the poet compares desire to dirt, and illustrates that it is an addiction.Sidney also uses repetition to highlight his consistent encounters with desire. His repetition of â€Å"too long! † shows his frustration with desire and the long ter m effects it has on him. It is clear that Sidney is unhappy with the way desire had effected his actions and decisions he has made in his life. He also repeats â€Å"in vain† that discusses the impact of desire on is life and how it hurts the people that feel desire. He used personification to mortalize his enemy and show life to his hatred of desire.

Objectivity vs. Subjectivity

Objectivity vs. Subjectivity Introduction People have the ability to choose between objectivity and subjectivity. Objectivity refers to the ability to judge issues from a personal perspective. Objective thinkers see beyond what other people say. According to Pillar, objectivity is intelligence because it provides room for rational thinking and reasoning beyond the ordinary (par. 2). On the other hand, subjective thinkers merely rely on the reasoning of scholars and experts in various fields.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Objectivity vs. Subjectivity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For instance, the fact that the sun rises from the East and settles in the West is a subjective reason. In essence, it is impossible for people to reason beyond the ordinary. Subjectivism does not incorporate logic or intelligence. This paper intends to discuss the possibility that people could be completely objective in thinking. Possibility of Being Completely Obj ective Social scientists explain that it is impossible to attain objectivity. People constantly look for knowledge in both primary and secondary sources. Research can never end, and this explains why it is impossible to be completely objective. Individuals will often criticize materials generated by social scientists and this explains how intelligence seeks proof from policies. Seeking intelligence is a natural process that signifies objective reasoning. It occurs in a cyclic manner and can never come to a possible conclusion. Kahneman and Tversky argued that people would often distort the world due to their overconfidence in explaining things. Most of them do not have solutions to the problem, but through collective efforts and using intelligence, people could find credible answers to various situations (Kahneman 15). In essence, intelligence has no limits. Importance of Intelligence to the Intelligence Community Objectivity should be a vital trait for the intelligence community si nce they have to create a connection between different aspects in life. They include crime, politics, education, and culture. The intelligence unit demands complete commitment from objective individuals. In most cases, they could apprehend an innocent person without assessing other possibilities. Intelligence creates a boundary between propaganda, public relations, and sentiments from normal political rallies. Without objectivity, it would be impossible to assess the intelligence of such experts while in the field (Ehrman et al. 7). The intelligence community comprises of people from different socioeconomic backgrounds. Most of them view ideologies differently, as nature and nurture most of them dissimilarly. Objectivity and Subjectivity Objective and subjective reasoning apply to different people in the society. Besides politics, religion raises many questions among populations. Faith is a personal decision since in the society atheists exist. They do not believe in any religion be cause they have personal ideologies against this concept. Certain individuals advocate for Protestantism while others purely focus on Catholicism. Eastern religions equally play a significant role in the society, especially Buddhism.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some people question the ideologies or policies of certain religions. This happens when they want to join the sect, or when they want to criticize it. On the other hand, many people belong to no religion because after assessing most religions, they find atheism as the most appealing option. Religions have different traditions that their inventors formulate. Other people do not question religions since they uphold a subjective thought process (Ehrman et al. 22). Most of these individuals embrace religions that their predecessors initiated. Others blindly follow religious ideologies because their societies sup port such religions. Today, countless religious beliefs exist and people follow the ones they find comfortable. From this perspective, objectivity and subjectivity strongly apply in religious settings. Objectivity has to exist because people have the freedom of worship. On the other hand, subjectivity prevails because conservative communities exist. Conclusion Experts equate objectivity to intelligence since people often strive to reach the highest level of intelligence that they cannot achieve. When an expert develops an idea, people will generate different opinions and fallacies to challenge such reasoning. People are naturally different and intelligence is inherent to an individual. This offers the ability to object or support certain ideologies in the society. Ehrman, John, Hayden Peake, Martin Petersen, and Igor Lukes. Studies in Intelligence. Journal of the American Intelligence Professional 55.1 (2011): 1-50. Print. Kahneman, Daniel. Two Brains Running. The New York Times 25 Nov. 2011: 12-17. Print. Pillar, Paul R.. Chapter 29: The Perils of Politicization. UC Irvine: School of Social Sciences. N.p., 3 Mar. 2010. Web.

Mughal Empire Essays

Mughal Empire Essays Mughal Empire Essay Mughal Empire Essay Mughal Empire Name: Institution: Mughal Empire In the 1526, Babur founded the greatest and the last empire in the Indian history, the Mughal Empire. Mogul is an English word derived from Mughal, which means a hugely powerful person. Babur father and mother came from the Timur’s and Genghis Khan’s Kingdoms respectively. After conquering the Delhi Sultan Ibrahim Sha Lodi in 1526, he named his empire Timurid that is the Mughal Dynasty (John, 1995, p.8). This one empire left a significant impact in India. It was during this period that most the beautiful monuments were set up in India, for instance, the Taj Mahal, which is one of the Seven Wonders of the World. The Mughal Empire lasted almost for three centuries, between 1526AD to 1857AD, in history; it is one of the largest centralized empires. This one empire had a considerable influence in ancient India and even in the post-India today. However, this empire was unable to last long, it come down after only three centuries. The Mughal Empire left a strong impression in the history of India. Their landmark achievements are still visible today. Among the most conspicuous achievements include, the Taj Mahal, the Red Fort in Delhi, the Humayan’s Tomb and the Fort of Agra. This empire was able to create the best-recognized monuments in the world. Through the Mughal’s, India came to the peak of beauty and refinement. In their works of fine arts, gardening, cuisine, and the emergence of the Urdu language, their work of making India recognized appears. During their reign, music and literature emerged was celebrated. For instance, the Sufi music was renowned by most Indians during that period. Despite all these great achievements, the empire was unable to stand the test of time. On 7 November 1862, the British threw the last emperor of the Mughal’s in prison in Burma just after the Indian rebellion of 1857. This was the end of a great dynasty in India. Aurangzeb is largely to blame for the decline of the Mughal Empire, unlike his predecessors; he did not struggle hard to win the loyalty of those he ruled. He never tolerated the non-Muslims; he ordered them, also take part in the celebrations and other Hindu activities. This made him lose the support and loyalty of the Rajputs (Keene, 2007, p.11). He killed Sikh Guru was not welcomed by the Marathas making them declare war against him. Those who succeeded Aurangzeb were extremely incompetent. They did nothing to protect the empire, but instead were more into pleasure and thus made them quickly become unable to rule the state. The rulers were unable to come up with a definite law for the people. This caused war amongst the emperor’s sons each time an emperor died. These created rooms for anarchy since each son used the noble members of the family to enable him ascend to the throne. The availability of luxuries and wealth caused laziness among the Mughal’s army. This made the m inefficient, ineffective and corrupt; this proved them disloyal to the commander making them loss battles. They often fought themselves for money and women. This also created room for the rise of new political powers like the Sikhs, Jats and Marathas. These new powers were annoyed by the rule of the Mughal’s, broke away to form their own states, weakening the empire. The coming of the British put an end to the Mughal’s empire. They greatly messed the politics of India and set up their own empire in India, the British Empire that lasted for 200 years. The constant wars had an adverse effect on the economic ability of the empire. In conclusion, the Mughal’s empire came down due to own making. References Richards, J. F., Johnson, G. (1995). The Mughal Empire. Cambridge [u.a.: Cambridge Univ. Press. Keene, H. G. (2010). Fall of the Moghul Empire of Hindustan. S.l.: General Books.

Lesson plan for special education Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lesson plan for special education - Assignment Example Integrate of a wide scope of methods of instructions that are suited to learner’s distinct styles of learning. This is aimed at creating an intended program for Tom success in tertiary institution preparatory curriculums Stress on the need to ensure that Tom fits in the school curriculums and with co-joined traditional aspects of the school such as co-curricular activities. Tom will be to pursue his core based courses as well as take part in other classes, co-curricular activities like athletics together with the rest of learners in the school This lesson plan seeks to explore Tom, a 10 year old kid in the 5th. He will be engaged in a handy activity aimed at helping him distinguish different conditions that act as trigger factors to asthma. Tom will be engaged in research of various ways to prevent these conditions and also on possible methods of treatment. Through internet sources and a Brain POP utility, Tom is to develop from them, research skills (Dawson, 1989). The research activities will involve finding, compiling, and summarizing information regarding asthma. It will uplift awareness not only on asthma but also of other possible ill health. Lastly, Tom will also get to learn on ways to uplift awareness in his community regarding the conditions of ill health (Dawson, 1989). He will be able to indulge in a related activity or engage in charity work geared towards the same. 1. Give cards, with conditions that trigger Asthma, to the students to cut them apart. Begin with a related activity and challenge Tom to work in groups. Let the group members classify cards provided in a criterion that is comfortable to them. In case the members are not able to classify a few of the cards allow a quick research on the internet through a computer. This is to ensure that the students, especially Tom, come up with solutions of their own. 2. Lead a discussion to help the students to compare and contrast. At this point they can be made familiar on the condition

Interpreting the OT Prophets Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Interpreting the OT Prophets - Research Paper Example Prophetic interpretation is a practical matter. Therefore, the interpretations of the contents must be in line with the use of specific insight that is accessible to the society in order for the message to be convincible. This interpretation inspires the faith that is inclined to God and not to the prophet himself. Prophetic interpretation involves basing personal arguments, personal teachings and understandings on what the scripture says. The sayings of the scripture must be in line with what people can see by themselves in translation to commonly available things. It is essential to examine the grammar, words and flow of paragraphs. Prophesy supports more fundamental goals rather than being an end in itself. The purpose of prophesy must be in-line with God’s objective of dealing with humanity. God’s purpose is to reconcile us with him by providing us with salvation through Christ Jesus. This must be the greatest objective of prophesy. It must instruct us on the right channel to follow in obtaining the salvation in faith. In the context of Jeremiah chapter 2 verses 14 to 28; the prophet that the only reason that will cause Israel to fall a prey to its enemies will be as a result of infidelity to her divine spouse. This passage is based on prophetic relationship between God and his people. God relates with his people in a way that is represented in the bible as marriage relationship. God being the head and husband while the people being the church represented as the woman. Therefore, this passage refers to infidelity to illuminate the understanding that the wrong acts of Israelites will be similar to infidelity which in turn has a law that accepts for divorce. 2 This message is easily understood and remembered by the Israelites because it uses the practice aspect of marriage. The marriage practice and its consequences both positive and negative are common and